NFIB’s Small Business Optimism Index declined 0.8 points in October to 91.3, which is the 10th consecutive month below the 49-year average of 98. Thirty-three percent of owners reported that inflation was their single most important problem in operating their business, three points higher than September’s reading and four points lower than July’s highest reading since the fourth quarter of 1979.

“Owners continue to show a dismal view about future sales growth and business conditions, but are still looking to hire new workers,” said NFIB Chief Economist Bill Dunkelberg. “Inflation, supply chain disruptions, and labor shortages continue to limit the ability of many small businesses to meet the demand for their products and services.”

Key findings include:

• Of the 10 Index components, two increased, seven declined, and one was unchanged.
• Owners expecting better business conditions over the next six months deteriorated two points from September to a net negative 46 percent.
• The net percent of owners raising average selling prices decreased one point to a net 50 percent (seasonally adjusted). Half of all firms are raising prices, that’s inflation.
• The net percent of owners who expect real sales to be higher decreased three points from September to a net negative 13 percent.

As reported in NFIB’s monthly jobs report, 46 percent of owners reported job openings that were hard to fill, unchanged from September. Of those hiring or trying to hire, 90 percent of owners reported few or no qualified applicants for the positions they were trying to fill.

Fifty-four percent of owners reported capital outlays in the last six months, down two points from September. Of those making expenditures, 37 percent reported spending on new equipment, 22 percent acquired vehicles, and 17 percent improved or expanded facilities. Eleven percent spent money on new fixtures and furniture and 6 percent acquired new buildings or land for expansion. Twenty-three percent plan capital outlays in the next few months.

A net negative 8 percent of all owners (seasonally adjusted) reported higher nominal sales in the past three months, three points worse than from September. The net percent of owners expecting higher real sales volumes declined three points to a net negative 13 percent.

The net percent of owners reporting inventory increases improved one point to a net negative 1 percent. Sixteen percent of owners reported increases in stocks and 16 percent reported reductions as solid sales reduced inventories at many firms and owners cautiously reduced inventory purchases.

Thirty-one percent of owners recently reported that supply chain disruptions have had a significant impact on their business. Another 31 percent report a moderate impact and 27 percent report a mild impact. Only 10 percent of owners report no impact from recent supply chain disruptions. A net zero percent of owners viewed current inventory stocks as “too low” in October, down one point from September. By industry, shortages are the most frequent in finance (18 percent), retail (15 percent), transportation (13 percent), services (11 percent), and manufacturing (11 percent). A net 2 percent of owners plan inventory investment in the coming months.

The net percent of owners raising average selling prices decreased one point from September to a net 50 percent (seasonally adjusted). Unadjusted, 8 percent of owners reported lower average selling prices and 56 percent reported higher average selling prices. Price hikes were the most frequent in retail (69 percent higher, 6 percent lower), wholesale (64 percent higher, 12 percent lower), construction (61 percent higher, 5 percent lower), and services (54 percent higher, 5 percent lower). Seasonally adjusted, a net 34 percent of owners plan price hikes.

Seasonally adjusted, a net 44 percent of owners reported raising compensation, down one point from September. A net 32 percent plan to raise compensation in the next three months, up nine points from September and the highest since October 2021. Ten percent of owners cited labor costs as their top business problem and 23 percent cited labor quality as their top business problem.

The frequency of reports of positive profit trends was a net negative 30 percent, up one point from September. Among owners reporting lower profits, 34 percent blamed the rise in the cost of materials, 22 percent blamed weaker sales, 12 percent cited labor costs, 12 percent cited lower prices, 7 percent cited the usual seasonal change, and 2 percent cited higher taxes or regulatory costs. For owners reporting higher profits, 47 percent credited sales volumes, 20 percent cited usual seasonal change, and 16 percent cited higher prices.

Two percent of owners reported that all their borrowing needs were not satisfied. Twenty-six percent reported all credit needs met and 62 percent said they were not interested in a loan. A net 6 percent reported their last loan was harder to get than in previous attempts.

The NFIB Research Center has collected Small Business Economic Trends data with quarterly surveys since the 4th quarter of 1973 and monthly surveys since 1986. Survey respondents are randomly drawn from NFIB’s membership. The report is released on the second Tuesday of each month. This survey was conducted in October 2022.